A topic of interest in business or management Research Proposal

A topic of interest in business or management - Research Proposal Example Further, although business management courses have included various course modules on entrepreneurship that focus on strategies that would assist in establishing new businesses or determining factors and traits of successful entrepreneurs, information on the effect of economic crisis to entrepreneurship is not vagrantly published. One is intrigued to find out whether the economic crisis detracts potentially talented entrepreneurs from establishing new business endeavors or led successfully established businesses into financial loss and bankruptcy. The statistics that could be searched could provide the theoretical framework for the research. However, interpretation of the statistics and numbers of new or closed businesses during the period of economic crisis could assist aspiring entrepreneurs in learning from the experiences of others. The research objective could be stated as: The research aims to determine how the economic crisis affect and impact entrepreneurship in the United States. The objective could be achieved through addressing the following research questions: A description and qualitative research method would be proposed for the current research. Secondary sources of authoritative and academic information would provide support to contentions and would validate results, as required. From current statistics, relevant findings would be interpreted and would form the basis for recommendations and conclusions. Gries, T. and Naude, W. 2011. â€Å"Entrepreneurship, Structural Change and a Global Economic Crisis.† Entrepreneurship Research Journal, Volume 1, Issue: 3, Pages: article 4. [Online]. Available at: http://www.mendeley.com/research/entrepreneurship-structural-change-global-economic-crisis/. [Accessed 7 January 2012]. Knowledge@Wharton. 2008. Why an Economic Crisis Could Be the Right Time for Companies to

Importance of information systems

Importance of information systems Abstract: The following paper explains the importance of information systems in E-business and the limitations of information systems on the E-business. The report explicates different information systems used in E-business. Also the report gives the advantages and limitations of E-business and its resultant architectures. The discussion in the paper is limited to the information systems architectures, Advantages, Limitations and does not include the strategies in it. (http://www.aeablogs.org/eakd/files/Zachman_s_Original_1987_Paper.pdf) Introduction: An Information system (IS) is a combination of computing systems used in a organisation and the activities performed on them in order to support the organisation and also help in decision making process. In other terms IS is used to collect, process, store, analyze and disseminate information for specific purpose (Turban 2008, pg 13). Information systems have large role in the implementation of E-business in the past decade. Due to the increased complexity in the designs and the level of complexity in the systems (Information Technology) used on Online markets are forcing E-business to use some logical architecture of Information systems in order to make the design, functionality and processes look simpler and ease. Information systems has not only provided the level of cost-effective solutions but also helped in terms of human work force i.e., combination of Information technology and human involvement reduced the risk of failures in E-business. For example EBay and Amazon are some of the E-business organizations that are successfully using Information systems in their daily business activities. Information architecture is a physical plan of how the information assets in an organization are arranges which includes the physical designs of the buildings, hardware and other physical assets of the company. Information and Communication Technologies (ICT) is another area of study that helps in processing and transfer of data and information electronically that is used for information system and also provides the infrastructure for intra- and inter-organisational information systems.(http://www.turningcourse.com/ukais/isdefn.pdf) Below shown is the sample figure of the architecture of an organization. The above figure illustrates the Information infrastructure in an Online Airline Company. The picture also explains how the process in that organization takes in their day to day activities. Whether running an airline or an airport, the right information systems can have a critical impact in the operating costs, operating effectiveness, and customer satisfaction. Some of the potential features of Information Systems are: Combine resources and collaborate with each other anytime, anywhere. Increase the efficiency and effectiveness of people working in a group in several locations. Effective decision-making. Reach global market efficiently. Information Systems in E-business: In order to understand E-business, we must first learn the definition of E-commerce. It is nothing but buying and selling of products and services over electronic networks (Internet). While E-business focuses on the strategies, that gives more importance and to the functionalities that evolve are determined as potential features of the Information systems in E-business. So, E-commerce is a subset of E-business (Wikipedia, E-business). E-business can also be described as integration of business strategies, processes and technologies. Some of the application areas of E-business are Customer Relationship Management (CRM), Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP), Supply Chain Management (SCM) and Human Resource Management (HRM). The two basic strategies conducted over internet are business to customer (B2C) and business to business (B2B). For an effective and efficient E-business, Information systems are very crucial. Information systems simplifies the business process involved, whether it is the transactions, decision making, customer relationships or the managerial issues (http://springerlink.metapress.com/content/ptgfbtkj67d8wwr6/fulltext.pdf?page=1). Information systems are widely used in E-businesses these days. Electronic business is a wide area where IS can be used in many processes. IS are used in the transactions, services and strategies in the E-business thus stating them as a backbone for any business process. IS architecture are well understood but the conceptual specification of information systems for business process integration remains an open methodology in terms of managerial perspective. Some of the advantages of E-business are: Worldwide Presence: One of the biggest advantages of promoting E-business online is its presence in the global market. For example, IBM was one of the initial companies to adapt E-business in the areas of servicing customers and collaborating with different business organization around the globe. Dell on the other hand has an efficient business selling their products all over the globe through telephone and the Internet. Cost Effective Marketing and Promotions: Buy being in the global market on the web enables the organizations to reach their customers at normal prices or even discounted prices as the middle man costs are reduces in this process. Advertising techniques like pay per click advertising ensure that the advertiser only pays for the advertisements that are actually viewed. Affiliate marketing, is another technique where the consumers are directed to the required business sites and in turn these site owners receive compensations which benefits both the parties. Organizations involved in e-business have to use cost effective online advertising strategies to their advantage. Developing a Competitive Strategy: By being on the online market, many organizations can analyse their data and develop a strategy to compete with other companies in the market with an effective strategy by using some of the information systems such as ERP. Better Customer Service: By using the CRM application has improves the customer service. For example, on visiting a site there is a pop up window that enables chat window. So the customer can clear any doubts that he has. Also by paying the product cost online the customer may not have to leave their house in order to receive to product. Disadvantages of E-Business Sectoral Limitations: One of the major disadvantages of E-business is growth in some sectors such as food industry for example. Customers do not want to buy food products particularly which are unpreserved because they have a fear of contamination of the product. Likewise, some other sectors are large constructional equipments; Automobile and pharmacy are some of the sectors that E-business has limitations. You may not receive what you believe you have purchased. Security Some of the ricks that a customer or supplier could face in E-business is the security. The customer faces risks such as financial records, personal privacy and viruses whereas the supplier face risks such as viruses and hackers. But it is apparent that the advantages of E-business outsmart its limitations. Thus concluding that every business have to change their mode of operation and adopt E-business for its success and global reach. http://www.buzzle.com/articles/advantages-and-disadvantages-of-e-business.html Information Systems Architecture in E-business: Information systems architecture is in nothing but the organization development, system structure, technical support, and product delivery mechanisms for a business information system. Information architecture explains the physical design (Hardware, Buildings and software processes) involved in it. E-business uses many information systems in order to improve their business effectively and efficiently. The information systems used in E-business architecture are explained more detailed in the following report. Transaction Processing systems(TPS): TPS supports the monitoring the transactions and also cooling, storing, processing and sub-categorizing the business transactions. The primary mechanism of this system is to provide the information needed by the organization in order to run the business more effectively. Generally information systems are designed within each functional area (Support systems, External Systems) thus increasing its effectiveness though proper integration of information systems. The following diagram explains the flow of information among the function areas within the information systems through integration. Integration is an important component in TPS. For example An E-business organization such as eBay has many transactions and if an electronic payment is made, the amount must be either both withdrawn from one account and added to the other account. In case of a failure preventing transaction completion, the partially executed transaction must be rolled back by the TPS. Management Information Systems (MIS): MIS is the system or method that delivers information needed in an organization. This information is used in decision making processes and other important functional areas. It covers each and every aspect of the organization such as reports, technical information (sales reports, analysts reports) in a business to solve problems such as product costs, services and business strategies. Some of the features of MIS are: Processes data into information. Directed towards middle managers. Information achieved is categorized accordingly so that it is easy to analyze the data when used in decision making. Executive Support Systems (ESS): ESS is also called as Enterprise Information System (EIS) that is mainly used by the senior level managers. At the top level management EIS supports strategic planning that may sometimes change the nature of the business process. The EIS information is generally Decision support system for the whole organization that helps the senior executives to analyze and monitor the data in the decision making process. Knowledge Management Systems(KMS): KMS is a kind of support systems between top level and middle level management. KMS is nothing but additional staff in organizations who act as advisors for senior and middle management. The concept of KMS is to help employees in the company to readily access the documents, information sources and solution.KMS is also responsible for finding new knowledge for the organization and integrating it with existing knowledge.

A Comparison of The Rape of Lock and The Eve of St. Agnes :: comparison compare contrast essays

A Comparison of The Rape of Lock and The Eve of St. Agnes    The differences between eighteenth-century literature and romantic poems, with respect to history is seen through the works of John Keats and Alexander Pope.   Two important works are, "The Rape of Lock" and "The Eve of St. Agnes."   Alexander Pope takes his readers on a hatred filled epic.   A robust piece of literature and love induced psychoses in, "The Rape of Lock."   On the other hand, "The Eve of St. Agnes" told a tale of life, love, death, and eternal fate in heaven.   These two brilliant writers have given two magnificent poems.   Pope exhibits many characteristics of a narcissistic human being.   His independence in life shows through his writings in fiction.   Which inevitably portray his deeper feelings of life.   Popes' efforts here are of outstanding quality.   However, his poem did fail to convince Arabella to rà ©sumà © her engagement to Lord Petre.   Most of Pope's efforts here were written with time.   Now, Keats has romantically serenaded his reader with descriptive lust and desire, which can be compared with popes' efforts by the difference in eighteenth century literature and romantic poems, their descriptive natures and ideas they portray to the reader through their writing.      Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Pope has written an eighteenth-century poem which he calls, "An Hero- Comical Poem."   This poem has exalted an over all sense of worthlessness for common rules.   The mentioning of Achilles and the ever-popular Aeneas, are symbols of Pope's Gothic style.   Pope speaks (almost) G-D like throughout, "The Rape of Lock."   Contrary to Keats, who is more down-to-earth with his sense of realism in his writings.   In the beginning of Keats romantic premise to life in St. Agnes, all is cold.   The opening sequence brings a sense of realism to this bitter cold scene.   Cold owls, rabbit's, and numb fingers on a holy, "Beads man."   The Beads man symbolizes the sense of age and spirit.   Much of this poem is a test of Keats inner soul or spirit.   He has lead himself to St. Agnes for his own personal account of life in a time long gone.   Keats' romantic style has brought visionary raw emotion to the aching hearts of all his readers.   Then,

The Hunters: Phantom Chapter 37

The next morning found them al back at the boardinghouse. After the previous night's rain, the sunshine had a fresh quality to it, and everything felt bright and damp and clean, despite the smel of smoke that permeated the boardinghouse and the charred remains of the garage that could be glimpsed through the windows of the den. Elena sat on the couch, leaning against Stefan. He traced the burn lines, nearly entirely faded, on the back of her hand. â€Å"How do they feel, heroine?† he asked. â€Å"They hardly hurt at al , thanks to Damon.† Damon, on the other side of Stefan, gave her a brief, blinding smile but said nothing. They were al being careful of one another, Elena thought. She felt – and she thought everyone else probably did, too like the day looked: shining and freshly washed, but slightly fragile. There was a lot of quiet murmuring back and forth, exchanged smiles, comfortable pauses. It was like they had completed a long journey or a difficult task together, and now it was time to rest. Celia, dressed in pale linen trousers and a silk dove-gray top, elegant and poised as always, cleared her throat. â€Å"I'm leaving today,† she said when they al looked up at her. Her bags sat neatly on the floor beside her feet. â€Å"There's a train to Boston in forty-five minutes, if someone wil drive me to the station.† â€Å"Of course I'l take you,† Alaric said promptly, getting to his feet. Elena glanced at Meredith, but Meredith was frowning at Celia in concern. â€Å"You don't have to go, you know,† she told her. â€Å"We'd al like it if you stayed.† Celia shrugged expressively and gave a little sigh. â€Å"Thank you, but it is time I get going. Despite the fact that we destroyed a priceless rare book and I wil probably never be al owed on the Dalcrest campus again, I wouldn't have missed this whole experience for the world.† Meredith grinned at her and raised one eyebrow. â€Å"Even the brushes with death?† Celia raised an eyebrow of her own. â€Å"Was there a part that wasn't a brush with death?† They laughed, and Elena was grateful to see that the tension between them had evaporated. â€Å"We'l be glad to have you anytime you want to come back, dear,† Mrs. Flowers said to Celia earnestly. â€Å"I wil always have a room for you.† â€Å"Thank you,† Celia said, looking touched. â€Å"I hope I can come back and see you al again someday.† She and Alaric left the room, and soon the rest of them heard the sounds of the outside door shutting and a car starting up. â€Å"Good-bye, Celia,† Bonnie chirped. â€Å"She turned out to be okay in the end, though, didn't she?† She went on without waiting for an answer. â€Å"What are we going to do today? We need to have an adventure before summer ends.† â€Å"You haven't had enough adventure yet?† Matt asked her disbelievingly from where he was sprawled on a rocking chair in the corner. â€Å"I mean a fun, summery kind of adventure,† she said. â€Å"Not al doom and gloom and battles to the death, but fun-in-thesun stuff. Do you realize we've got only about three weeks before it's time to start school again? If we don't want our only real memories of this summer in Fel ‘s Church to be one disastrous picnic and a horrific battle with a phantom, we'd better get started. I vote we go out to the county fair today. Come on!† she urged them, bouncing in her seat. â€Å"Rol er coasters! Fun houses! Fried dough! Cotton candy! Damon can win me a big stuffed animal and take me through the Tunnel of Love! It'l be an adventure!† She fluttered her eyelashes at Damon flirtatiously, but he didn't take her up on her teasing. In fact, he was gazing down into his lap with a strained expression. â€Å"You've done very wel , children,† said Mrs. Flowers approvingly. â€Å"You certainly deserve some time to relax.† No one answered. Damon's tense silence was fil ing the room, drawing everyone's eyes to him. Final y, Stefan cleared his throat. â€Å"Damon?† he asked cautiously. Damon clenched his jaw and raised his eyes to meet theirs. Elena frowned. Was that guilt on Damon's face? Damon didn't do guilt – remorse wasn't one of his many qualities. â€Å"Listen,† he said abruptly. â€Å"I realized†¦ while I was making my way back from the Dark Dimension†¦Ã¢â‚¬  He stopped again. Elena exchanged an anxious glance with Stefan. Again, stammering and having trouble finding the words to say what he wanted to say were not typical of Damon. Damon shook his head and col ected himself. â€Å"While I was remembering who I was, while I was barely alive again, and then while I was getting ready to come back to Fel ‘s Church, and everything was so painful and difficult,† he said, â€Å"al I could think of was how we – how Elena – had moved heaven and earth to find Stefan. She wouldn't give up her hunt, no matter what obstacles she faced. I'd helped her – I'd risked everything to do so – and we were successful. We found Stefan and we brought him home, safe and sound. But when it was my turn to be lost, you al left me on that moon alone.† â€Å"But Damon,† said Elena, reaching out to him, â€Å"we thought you were dead.† â€Å"And we did try to move heaven and earth to save you,† Bonnie said earnestly, her big brown eyes fil ing with tears. â€Å"You know that. Elena tried everything to bribe the Guardians to get you back. She almost went crazy with grief. They just kept saying that when a vampire died, he or she was gone for good.† â€Å"I know that now,† Damon said. â€Å"I'm not angry anymore. I haven't been angry about it for what seems like ages. That's not why I'm tel ing you this.† He glanced guiltily at Elena. â€Å"I need to apologize to al of you.† There was a tiny col ective gasp. Damon just didn't apologize. Ever. Elena frowned. â€Å"What for?† Damon shrugged, and the ghost of a smirk passed over his face. â€Å"What not for, my princess.† He sobered. â€Å"The truth is, I didn't deserve saving. I've done terrible things to you al as a vampire, and even when I became human again. I fought Meredith; I endangered Bonnie in the Dark Dimension. I endangered al of you.† He looked around the room. â€Å"I'm sorry,† he said to everyone, a note of sincerity and regret in his voice. Bonnie's lips trembled; then she threw her arms around Damon. â€Å"I forgive you!† Damon smiled and awkwardly patted her hair. He exchanged a solemn nod with Meredith that seemed to indicate that she also forgave him – this time. â€Å"Damon,† said Matt, shaking his head. â€Å"Are you sure you're not possessed? You seem a little†¦ off. You're never polite to any of us but Elena.† â€Å"Wel ,† said Damon, looking relieved at having gotten the confession off his chest, â€Å"don't get used to it. Matt.† Matt looked so startled and pleased that Damon had cal ed him the right name for a change, instead of â€Å"Mutt† or nothing at al , that Damon might as wel have given him a present. Elena saw Stefan give his brother a sly, affectionate nudge, and Damon elbowed him back. No, she wouldn't get used to it. Damon, temporarily drained of his jealousies and resentments, was as beautiful and intriguing as ever, but a heck of a lot easier to get along with. It wouldn't last, but she could enjoy it for now. She took a moment to real y look at them, the Salvatore brothers. The vampires she loved. Stefan with his soft dark curls and sea green eyes, his long limbs and the sensitive curve of his mouth that she always longed to kiss. Sweetness and solidity and a sorrow she'd had a hand in lightening. Damon, leather and silk and fine chiseled features. Mercurial and devastating. She loved them both. She couldn't be sorry, couldn't be anything other than sincerely, whol y grateful for the fat e that had thrown them in her path. But it wouldn't be easy. She couldn't imagine what would happen when this new comfort and friendliness between the brothers, between al of them, ended. She didn't doubt that it would dissolve. Irritations and jealousies were just a part of life, and they would build up again. She squeezed Stefan's hand in hers and smiled past him at Damon, whose dark eyes warmed. Inwardly, she sighed a little, then smiled more widely. Bonnie was right: Col ege was just around the corner, a whole new adventure. Until then, they should take their pleasures where they could find them. â€Å"Cotton candy?† she said. â€Å"I can't remember the last time I had cotton candy. I'm definitely up for Bonnie's idea of adventure.† Stefan brushed his lips against hers in a kiss that was as sweet and light as cotton candy itself, and she leaned into the comfort of his arms. It couldn't last. Elena knew it. But she was very happy. Stefan was himself again, not angry or fearful or grieving, but himself, the one she loved. And Damon was alive, and safe, and with them. Al her friends were around her. She was truly home at last.

What Is the Real Deal with Adhd? – Paper

paper What is the real deal with ADHD? Temple N. Bostic PSY 360: Survey of Mental Health Destiny Champion November 4, 2012 Abstract Many children today are beginning to fall under an umbrella or diagnosis of ADHD that tends to be the ’in’ thing for doctors to say is wrong with them. If a child is a little hyper or of task for any reason, they are said to have ADHD. Regardless of the underlying problems such as issues in the home, these children are placed on medication that many of them do not need, for a condition that the majority of them do not have.At first it was just ADD (Attention Deficit Disorder), but then they added the hyperactivity to it and everyone ran with it. That is not to say that there are not some children in the world that are truly suffering from this disorder, but the fact remains that those who are being medicated should be watched and monitored just a little more closely. The purpose of this essay is to demonstrate the knowledge that I have lear ned from this course as well as life lessons. When you sum it all up, everyone wants to know: What is the real deal with ADHD?What is the real deal with ADHD? The children of today’s era are afflicted with many different mental health issues that can cause problem within the family and at school. Regardless of the fact that some of these issues are a direct result from the life they are living at home or the rearing they had, it is the determination of how the problem will be addressed that is the factor of the environment. Some children are born with mental disabilities, while some have the traits that come out at a certain point in their childhood.Regardless of when mental illness rears its head or the type it is, the fact is that they receive the proper treatment and counseling for the particular problem that they have. In the late 80’s, the diagnosis of ADD came on the scene to answer to the problems that children were having regarding their attentiveness in school as well as at home. Attention Deficit Disorder is characterized by inattentiveness, easy distractibility and often insomnia. While ADHD has the same symptoms with the addition of hyperactivity, ADD is the original diagnosis.ADHD did not begin its reign until the mid 90’s when children began to show the symptoms of ADD, but with hyperactivity. Once this was taken into consideration and fully analyzed, ADHD was born and hit the diagnosis airwaves. Many people think that only children receive the diagnosis of ADHD, but in all actuality there are just as many adults that suffer from this disorder as well. Adult ADHD can be just as difficult as it is for the younger clients.As an adult, there are the issues of trying to focus on the daily tasks of work, home and even family; this can become very trying when you are easily distracted, hyperactive at the wrong times and very inattentive. Some young people even carry the disorder from their teenage years into adulthood, when for som e it usually begins to taper off or go away. References Hammerness, P. , Geller, D. , Petty, C. , Lamb, A. , Bristol, E. , Biedermont, J. (2010) Does ADHD moderate the manifestation of anxiety disorders in children?Hurtig, T. , Ebeling, H. , Taanila, A. (2007) ADHD and co morbid disorders in relation to family environment and symptom severity. Rucklidge, J. J. (2008) Gender differences in ADHD: Implications for psychosocial treatment. Ohan, J. L. , Johnston, C. (2007) What is the social impact of ADHD in girls? : A multi-method assessment. Woodard, R. (2006) The diagnosis and medical treatment of ADHD in children and adolescents in primary care: A practical guide. Paloyelis, Y. , Rijsdijk, F. , Wood, A. C. , Asherson, P. , Kuntsi, J. 2010) The Genetic Association Between ADHD Symptoms and Reading Difficulties: The Role of Inattentiveness and IQ. dosReis, S. , Barksdale, C. L. , Sherman, A. , Maloney, K. , Charach, A. (2010) Stigmatizing Experiences of Parents of Children With a New Diagnosis of ADHD. Spencer, S. V. , Hawk Jr. , L. W. , Richards, J. B. , Shiels, K. , Pelham Jr. , W. E. , Waxmonsky, J. G. (2009) Stimulant Treatment Reduces Lapses in Attention among Children with ADHD: The Effects of Methylphenidate on Intra-Individual Response Time Distributions.